315-471-0405
Architectural Columns

Tag Archives: workersrights

Federal Workers: What Now?

March 7th, 2025 by Sarah Ruhlen

Posted in Ask A Worker's Rights Attorney!, Employment and Labor Attorney, Federal Workers, New York, NY., Syracuse, Workplace Rights, Wrongful Termination |

Tags: , , , , , , , , ,

A group of professionally dressed men and women stand together in a modern office setting with stairs in the background. They are diverse in age, gender, and ethnicity, with confident and friendly expressions. A blue graphic overlay includes text that reads "New Blog - Federal Workers: What Now?" Below the main text, a website link is provided: "Read More: www.satterlaw.com/blog"

If you are a federal worker, first things first: You’re not crazy. What’s happening is completely bizarro-land.

            Now that we’ve got that clear, what do you do?

The lawyer answer (sorry) is: It Depends. The reality is that tons and tons of these terminations are illegal, but there are different ways they may be illegal.

For example, career civil service workers – even probationary employees – are protected by merit systems principles, which include protection from “arbitrary action, personal favoritism, or coercion for partisan political purposes.” 5 U.S.C. § 2301(b)(8). (That’s a federal statute right there btw, not some loosy-goosy theory about fair treatment. It’s the actual law.) Because of this requirement, there are procedures that agencies have to follow when they are terminating a bunch of people to cut costs, otherwise known as a Reduction In Force or “RIF.” RIFs are governed by a procedure for making sure that terminations are made based on merit system factors, for example, examination of performance ratings and length of service. 5 U.S.C. §3502. Federal employees who are getting RIF’d are supposed to get 60 days’ notice and information about rights to reemployment and career transition assistance before the termination goes into effect.

Additionally, many Federal employees are union members, and as such have additional protections including a statute that requires a union contract to provide grievance procedures. 5 U.S.C. §1721(a)(1). Another source of protection is in the federal civil rights laws prohibiting discrimination, such as Title VII, Rehabilitation Act (prohibiting disability discrimination), and Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA).

            What to do?

OK first, re-read the first sentence of this article. This is legit Wacky-land and you are legit encountering stuff that could have been dreamed up by Salvadore Dali. Or Kafka.

Second, call your union. As of the writing of this article, an AI-assisted search (so take this with a grain of salt) states that there are currently 101 class actions involving federal workers. Your union will know if you’re part of one of these. If you’re not, see if there are other ways your union can help you, such as filing a grievance.

If you’re not union, or if the union can’t help with your particular situation, get hold of a reputable workplace lawyer. For sure it’s expensive. This is your livelihood.

Whatever you do, don’t just assume there’s nothing you can do. There are super-talented, intelligent people fighting for your rights. Make sure they know your situation so they can help you plan your next step.

DIVERSITY, EQUITY, and INCLUSION are Not Dirty Words and They’re Not Going Away

February 11th, 2025 by Sarah Ruhlen

Posted in Ask A Worker's Rights Attorney!, Employment and Labor Attorney, Equity & Inclusion, NY., Workplace Rights |

Tags: , , , , , , , , , ,

Graphic promoting a new blog post. The main visual element features the acronym "DEI" representing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, with each letter enclosed in a hexagon. Below each letter are corresponding icons: a globe with people for Diversity, a group of gender-diverse figures for Equity, and a collaborative group for Inclusion. The text at the bottom reads: "DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION are Not Dirty Words and They're Not Going Away". The website 'www.satterlaw.com/blog' is displayed on the left side.

 

Even before Inauguration Day 2025, corporations cravenly started rolling back their Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion[1] initiatives. Then the new administration came in swinging, implementing executive orders to eliminate “illegal” Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion measures.[2]  Now the new Attorney General has issued a memorandum instructing the DOJ to investigate, prosecute, and penalize “illegal” Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion programs in the private sector.

Guidance for employers, so far, is hilariously terrible: the last sentence in all the articles is: “talk to your lawyer.” Because no one knows what these orders mean. The people writing the articles don’t know. Corp counsel doesn’t know. Not even the attorneys making up these orders know.

We don’t know either, but we can tell you one thing: As of today, February 11, 2025, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion are not “illegal.” They are statutory. There are federal statutes that prohibit employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, creed, national origin, sex, age, and disability. There are state statutes that prohibit other types of discrimination, for example, in New York, it is illegal to discriminate on the basis of marital status.[3]

What does this mean for workers? Well, it’s going to be harder to access opportunities. Programs aimed at leveling the playing field are now being dismantled. These programs weren’t perfect, but they were helping move folks into positions that would otherwise go to privileged, wealthy twerps.

Here’s the deal: you can still fight back. It is still illegal (as of February 11, 2025) for an employer to make a decision about your employment based on your race, color, creed, national origin, sex, age, or disability. In the State of New York, it’s also illegal for employers to discriminate on the basis of military status, familial status, marital status, status as a victim of domestic violence, arrest record, and citizenship and immigration status.[4]

Which means you can still sue their pants off if you can show they’re discriminating. And if they just rolled back a whole promotion program that was designed to help you advance on the basis of your qualifications rather than your golfing relationship with the boss, and the promotion you were after goes to a wealthy, privileged twerp, a really good way to show the corporation that discrimination is still illegal is to get a good employment lawyer to give them the message.

Diversity. Equity. Inclusion.

None of those is a bad word. Lawyer up, and let’s go.

_______________________

[1] In this article, we’re going to spell out Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion every time we mention it because we want to make it clear: people who oppose DEI are opposing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion. Seriously, businesses, which one of those words is an issue for you?
[2] For example, federal agencies’ Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion initiatives and Lyndon B. Johnson’s 1965 Executive Order 11246, which built anti-discrimination policies into federal contracts.
[3] Talk to an employment lawyer in your jurisdiction to find out what additional protections might be in effect in your area.
[4] Seriously, talk to an employment lawyer in your jurisdiction to see if there are non-federal protections for you in your geographical location.

What Happens During A Legal Consultation?

February 4th, 2025 by Sarah Ruhlen

Posted in Ask A Worker's Rights Attorney!, Employment and Labor Attorney, Legal Consultation, New York, Syracuse, Uncategorized, Workplace Rights |

Tags: , , , , , ,

 

Let’s face it. Most people don’t schedule consultations with attorneys for fun. The stress of the underlying situation, concerns about cost, the idea of trusting a stranger with personal details of your life, and not knowing how the attorney will react – all of this can add up to a bad feeling in the pit of a person’s stomach.

We understand that seeking legal assistance can be a daunting experience, and it’s completely natural to feel anxious about your initial consultation with an attorney. To help ease some of those concerns, here’s a little about how it works at the Satter Ruhlen Law Firm.

  1. How to Prepare

If you really want a productive consultation, take a little time, before you come in, to write down, in chronological order, the events you are about to describe to the attorney. You don’t need to write a novel. Just date, location, what happened, what was said, and witnesses.

Here’s an example:

  • 6/13/24 9:37 am in the parking lot at the north facility: Joe spat on my truck and called me a dumb b—-. Ron and Patty saw it. Julie heard him call me a dumb b—-.
  • 10:45 am I reported the incident to HR. (Email attached.)
  • 6/14/24 10:00 am HR called me to a meeting at headquarters. Present were Kathy the HR Rep, Fred the boss, and myself. Kathy told me I was fired. She had Ron escort me off the premises.
  • 6/15/24 I applied for Unemployment.
  • 7/15/24 Unemployment told me I’m not eligible because the boss claims I stole money from the petty cash drawer.

This isn’t for the attorney to read, so don’t worry about spelling, grammar, etc. This list is to help you stay on track and give a clear account of what happened.

As far as documents, bring that totally crazy email that the boss sent you. Feel free to bring recordings, pictures, screen shots, or your spouse or friend for moral support. Bring the contract if you have one, or bring the policy or handbook that you think is being violated. If you think there’s a statute or regulation involved, bring a copy of the statute or regulation.

In some cases, the attorney may ask you to send documents prior to the consultation. Make sure you send them at least 24 hours prior to the appointment so the attorney has time to review them.

If you have seven binders of documents, the attorney isn’t going to review everything. But if you think it’s relevant, bring it.

  1. Our Office

The Satter Ruhlen Law Firm is located on the 6th Floor of the historic McCarthy Building (217 South Salina Street) in downtown Syracuse, New York, at the corner of Salina and Fayette streets. It’s a lovely old turn-of-the century structure, with wreath and ribbon decorations over the windows. If you’re looking at the Wildflowers shop, you’re looking at our building. (The McCarthy Building is also home to two delicious restaurants – Jamaica Cuse and Aloha Bento. We recommend both!) There’s a heart painted on the north side of the building, with the words “Heart of Syracuse” written inside.

The good news is that there’s plenty of parking, whether on the street, in the open lot at the corner of Salina and Washington streets, in a parking garage, or a block or two in any direction. The bad news is that it’s all metered parking. The parking meters are kind of weird so you may want to download and use the Flowbird parking app.

The elevators are on the left as you enter from Salina Street. (On the right you’ll see the indoor entrance to Wildflowers, as well as stairs down to the shops in the McCarthy Mercantile). Come up to the 6th Floor and turn right. You’ll see our door with gold lettering on it. Currently our floor is under construction, so there’s an odd entryway area as you come in. You’ll see a big window, and behind the window is our office manager. At least, that’s where their desk is – the job keeps them busy! The door to our office is to the left of the big window. Come on in!

  1. Checking in

The office manager will greet you and get you checked in. You can hang up your coat and hat, and if it’s snowy, feel free to ditch your boots in the boot tray. If the office manager is not at the desk, have a seat – they’ll be there in a minute. Take some time to peruse the books and magazines on the coffee table. (For remote consultations, we’ll send you a secure video link.) Once you’re checked in, the office manager will show you into the conference room and then they will tell the attorney that you’re here. It may take the attorney a minute – we always seem to get phone calls just before someone comes in. Take some time to check out the books on display and the wall hangings, which provide some fascinating background on the history of workers’ rights.

  1. The Consultation

One purpose of the consult is to for you to determine whether you want to work with us. So, in addition to figuring out whether there is anything that we can do for you, we’re also going to be considering whether it makes sense for us to enter an attorney-client relationship with each other. There are a lot of different factors that go into that decision, including but not limited to the strength of your case, whether it’s financially feasible, and what type of work needs to be done. Legal fees are expensive! So if you’re going to retain a lawyer, it makes sense to be choosy and make sure you’re getting someone you can work with.

Once the office manager has got you settled, the attorney will come into the room and greet you. If you bring somebody with you, the attorney will get the name of the person and their relationship to you. This is important for purposes of determining how protected the conversation may be from subpoenas or discovery. The attorney will usually start off by explaining a little bit about confidentiality rules. They will confirm that they have good contact information for you, including a mailing address, phone number, and email address where they can send confidential communications.

The attorney may ask you for some background information about your workplace. For instance, if you’re an educator, they may ask if you’re tenured. There may be some jurisdictional questions, such as how many other employees work for the company, or whether you get paid hourly or salary, on a W-2 or via 1099. They may ask where the employer is located, or ask you to describe a little bit about the industry you work in.

At some point the attorney is going to say something along the lines of, “Tell me why you’re here.”  This is a good time to refer to  that timeline you jotted down before you came in. Now, you’ve already given the office manager a little bit of information for purposes of conflict checking. But the attorney needs your personal perspective on what’s happening, and the best way for them to get that perspective is for you to tell them, in your own words.

Be prepared to be interrupted. The attorney isn’t trying to be rude. What they’re trying to do is to get key, relevant details that help them assess your situation. They’re probably going to ask you when things started to go wrong at work, why they started going wrong, and who’s involved. They’re going to be really annoying about dates, names, titles, and locations. They may ask if there are any witnesses to what you’re describing. They will probably ask about policies and procedures. They’ll ask who you’ve tried to talk to about the situation you’re facing. They’re going to be typing or taking notes as you talk, and they may ask you to slow down or to go back and repeat something they missed. They may ask you to pause for a moment as they review their notes.

At some point, the attorney’s going to explain the legal framework they think you’re operating within, and go over potential legal issues that they’ve spotted while you’ve been describing your situation. If you are a public employee, the attorney might help you draft up a Notice of Claim right then and there. They’re going to ask you if you’ve considered different options, and help you think about what options might make sense for you in your particular situation. For example, if you haven’t already reported the problem to the HR rep, the attorney may talk with you about whether it’s a good idea, what strategy to take, potential language to use, whether to copy other people, when to do it. This is your opportunity to strategize with the benefit of the attorney’s expertise and experience. You might end up making a pros-and-cons lists, or the two of you working together may discover other possibilities.

  1. Ending the Consultation

The consult may end in several ways. Here are three common possibilities: 1) we decide to offer representation, 2) we decide not to offer representation, or 3) we decide to do some more research and analysis and get back to you about whether we can offer representation.

If we offer representation, you will be presented with a retainer proposal that describes what we propose to do and how we expect to be paid for it. It is a proposal to provide legal services, and the “retainer” is a written contract for those services. It’s important to understand that having consulted with an attorney is not the same as being represented by an attorney. No one is represented by our firm unless there is a written retainer with both our signatures on it.

We may conclude that it doesn’t make sense for us to offer representation. There are a myriad of reasons that might happen. Sometimes, the consultation gives an individual enough information to navigate the situation without needing to retain us. Sometimes, employees realize they’d be better off socking that money into their 401(k) than hiring us. If we decide not to offer representation, we’ll follow up in a day or two with a nonengagement letter. We always recommend getting a second opinion if you feel we’ve missed something – different lawyers see things differently, and what one firm might not be willing to take on, another firm may specialize in.

A lot of times, we need to do some additional work, such as reviewing your situation with another attorney in the firm, calling up your witnesses, or reviewing your documents. We may want to talk to an outside attorney about a referral or maybe bringing in their particular expertise as potential co-counsel. If we need to do more follow-up work, the attorney will give you a ballpark about when you can expect to hear back from us, usually within a few days to a week. The follow-up is not a commitment to offer representation – it’s an opportunity for us to get more information to decide whether we can offer representation. Once we have made a decision, we’ll either send you a retainer proposal or a nonengagement letter.

  1. Final Thoughts

Signing up for a legal consultation can feel overwhelming, but understanding what to expect can significantly ease your anxiety. From thorough preparation to knowing what happens during the meeting, each step is designed to ensure you receive the best advice possible tailored to your unique situation. At Satter Ruhlen Law Firm, our goal is not only to assess your case but to foster a relationship grounded in trust and transparency. Whether you leave with legal representation or empowered with guidance to handle your issues independently, our commitment is to make your consultation a constructive experience. Seeking legal assistance is a vital step towards asserting your rights, and we are here to support you.

 

Remembering Lilly Ledbetter and Her Impact on Women’s Rights in The Workplace

November 12th, 2024 by Sarah Ruhlen

Posted in Ask A Worker's Rights Attorney!, Employment and Labor Attorney, New York, Syracuse, Women's Rights, Workplace Rights |

Tags: , , , , , , , ,

Posted by Sarah Ruhlen on behalf of William Hand

It is no secret that women are generally paid less than men. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as the Gender Pay Gap. Nationally, employers are paying women working full-time, year-round jobs, on average, eighty-three cents for every dollar paid to men. When part-time and part-year workers are included in the comparison, women were typically paid only seventy-eight cents for every dollar paid to men in 2023.[1]

Lilly Ledbetter was a modern pioneer fighting against this Gender Pay Gap. She recently passed away at 86 on October 12, 2024. Given her recent passing, let us take some time to remember Lilly and appreciate her significant contribution to fighting gender inequality and workplace discrimination.

Lilly Ledbetter, a Jacksonville Alabama native, was a supervisor at a Goodyear tire plant in Gadsden, Alabama starting in 1979. She was one of the few female supervisors at the Gadsden tire plant and worked there for almost 20 years. Lilly faced substantial sexual harassment in her time with Goodyear, including her boss telling her that he did not think women should be working there.

One day while working at the Goodyear plant Lilly received an anonymous note informing her that Goodyear was paying her less than her male coworkers in the same position. In an interview with National Public Radio in 2009 Lilly recalled “When I saw that, it took my breath away. I felt humiliated. I felt degraded. I had to get my composure back to go ahead and perform my job and then my first day off, I went to Birmingham and filed a charge with the EEOC.”

Filing a claim with the EEOC was Lilly’s first step in her ten-year fight for women’s equality in the workplace.

LEDBETTER V. GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO.:

After she filed a complaint with the EEOC, Lilly sued Goodyear for gender discrimination in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, alleging that the company had given her a low salary because of her gender. A jury found that Goodyear had discriminated against Lilly Ledbetter and awarded her $3.5 million in compensatory and punitive damages for the extreme nature of the pay discrimination that Goodyear subjected her to.

Later A federal district judge reduced her damages to $360,000.

Goodyear appealed, citing a Title VII provision that requires grievants file their Title VII discrimination claims within 180 days of the employer’s discriminatory conduct. The jury had examined Lilly’s entire career for evidence of discrimination, but Goodyear argued that the jury should only have considered the one annual salary review that occurred within the 180-day limitations period before her complaint. Ergo, Lilly’s claims were time-barred because any decision to pay Lilly less than her male counterparts happened more than 180 days before she filed her claim.

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit reversed the lower court, but without adopting Goodyear’s position entirely. Instead, the Circuit Court ruled that the jury could only examine Lilly’s career for evidence of discrimination as far back as the last annual salary review before the start of the 180-day limitations period. The Circuit Court ruled that Lilly getting a low salary during the 180 days did not justify the evaluation of Ledbetter’s entire career. Instead, only those reviews that affected Lilly’s pay during the 180 days could be evaluated. The Circuit Court found no evidence of discrimination in those reviews, so it reversed the District Court and dismissed Lilly’s complaint.

The Supreme Court then heard Goodyear’s appeal and decided against Lilly with Justice Samuel Alito writing for the 5-4 majority. Justice Alito wrote that the Court found Title VII’s limitations period barred Lilly’s claim because the “current effects alone cannot breathe life into prior, uncharged discrimination.” Justice Alito further opined adopting Lilly’s argument would mean “if a single discriminatory pay decision made 20 years ago continued to affect an employee’s pay today, the dissent would presumably hold that the employee could file a timely EEOC charge today.”

In dissent, Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg called the majority’s decision “a cramped interpretation of Title VII, incompatible with the statute’s broad remedial purpose.” Justice Ginsburg included in her dissent that, “the Legislature may act to correct this Court’s parsimonious reading of Title VII.”

THE LILLY LEDBETTER FAIR PAY ACT:

In response to the Supreme Court’s decision, Congress passed the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act on January 29, 2009. The introductory finding section of the Act states:

Congress found The Supreme Court in Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., 550 U.S. 618 (2007), significantly impairs statutory protections against discrimination in compensation that Congress established and that have been bedrock principles of American law for decades. The Ledbetter decision undermines those statutory protections by unduly restricting the period in which victims of discrimination can challenge and recover for discriminatory compensation decisions or other practices, contrary to the intent of Congress.

The Act goes on to reinstate prior law, making it clear that pay discrimination claims based on sex, race, national origin, age, religion, and disability “accrue” each time an employee receives a discriminatory paycheck; when a discriminatory pay decision or practice is adopted; when a person becomes subject to the decision or practice; or when a person is otherwise affected by the decision or practice. The law is retroactive to May 28, 2007, the day before the Court issued its ruling in Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.

IMPACT:

The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 means that every paycheck from an employer that violates the Equal Pay Act refreshes the period for filing the claim. Further, it now allows the successful grievant to obtain relief including recovery of back pay for up to two years before they filed the claim of unlawful pay discrimination. However, while the Act is a great step forward in advancing pay equality, recovery is still limited to backpay for a maximum of two years before filing a claim. Therefore, anyone who feels they are being illegally discriminated against in their pay or compensation should consult an attorney sooner rather than later, or risk losing out on back pay they might otherwise be entitled to.

CONCLUSION:

Lilly Ledbetter did not set out to be a modern activist fighting the Gender Pay Gap. She was a woman who gave nearly twenty years of her career to an employer who paid her less than her male counterparts. However, what truly set Lilly apart was that she simply did not accept this discrimination. She fought it in Federal Courts for nearly ten years, all the way to the Supreme Court of the United States, to hold her employer accountable. While her case was ultimately unsuccessful, it was because she fought so hard for equal pay that Congress passed The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 bringing us a little closer to fair pay and workplace equality.

Thank you, Lilly Ledbetter!

[1] The Wage Gap, State by State – National Women’s Law Center; 2024 Gender Pay Gap Report (GPGR) | Payscale Research

– William P. Hand

The Independent Contractor Shilly-Shally: Navigating the Maze of Worker Classification

September 10th, 2024 by Sarah Ruhlen

Posted in Ask A Worker's Rights Attorney!, Employment and Labor Attorney, Independent Contractor, New York, Syracuse, Workplace Rights |

Tags: , , , , ,

Introduction

Workers who are classified as independent contractors are cut out of a host of Federal workplace protections, such as anti-discrimination statutes, the right to unionize, and wage and hour laws. It’s easy for employers to misclassify workers because the definition of “independent contractor” is hard to pin down – it varies from statute to statute, and even from state to state. But workers who understand the distinction between being an independent contractor and being an employee are empowered to fight misclassification and win the protections they are entitled to. Here are some guidelines:

  1. Understanding the Basics

An independent contractor is considered to be self-employed, while an employee is employed by the employer (try saying that ten times fast.) Workers suffer a tremendous amount of harm when they are misclassified as independent contractors. So it’s important for every worker to understand how they are classified and why.

Don’t try this at home. This is a complicated inquiry, so always contact an experienced workers’ rights attorney in your jurisdiction before making any big decisions.

Courts and agencies, when deciding whether a worker is an independent contractor or an employee, tend to look at a list of factors to make their determination. Complicating the inquiry, different courts and agencies look at different factors. Generally speaking, the underlying question is how much control the employer has over what, how, and how much the worker does. Decisionmakers will look at things like whether the employer sets the work schedule, whether the worker is allowed to engage in work for other companies, who sets the worker’s wages, whether the worker receives benefits, and whether the worker can refuse tasks. The more independence, the more likely the worker is legitimately an independent contractor.

  1. Why Does It Matter?

Being an employee means having workplace protections against excessive overtime, wage theft, sexual harassment and discrimination, safety violations, and a host of other exploitative practices.  It can also mean eligibility for benefits such as health, disability, and life insurance;  participation in retirement plans, and paid time off. From a tax perspective, taxes on a W-2 are much simpler than taxes on a 1099.

By contrast, being classified as an independent contractor opens a worker up to exploitative workplace practices, without much legal recourse. For example, federal anti-discrimination laws do not protect independent contractors – only employees. So if an independent contractor is being sexually harassed, an EEOC complaint isn’t going to do them much good—no matter how bad the harassment is.

That said, there are some reasons a worker might choose to be an independent contractor. True independent contractors can usually control their hours of work, the type and number of tasks they’ll complete, and how they complete them.

The problem is that, if a worker hasn’t chosen to be an independent contractor, an employer’s misclassification of that worker puts the worker in a position to be exploited and injured without good legal protection. So, workers who suspect they have been misclassified should definitely seek legal counsel.

  1. But I Heard A Different Rule…

Some states (including New York) and municipalities (including New York City) have implemented state statutes and regulations to protect independent contractors. For example, the New York State Human Rights Law extends its anti-discrimination and harassment protections to a variety of non-employees, including vendors, interns, and independent contractors.  Another example, the New York City Freelance Isn’t Free Act, requires anyone employing an independent contractor to enter a written contract which specifies the amount, rate, timing and method of compensation.

These laws form a patchwork across the nation, so something that works in New York City isn’t necessarily going to work in Buffalo or San Francisco. We’ll say it again:  Don’t try this at home. Always contact an experienced workers’ rights attorney in your jurisdiction before making any big decisions.

Conclusion

Understanding the distinction between being an independent contractor and an employee is crucial for workers to protect their rights and access workplace benefits and protections. Some states and municipalities have implemented laws to protect independent contractors, but these laws vary, highlighting the need for professional guidance in navigating worker classification. Because the definition of “independent contractor” can vary, it is easy for employers to misclassify workers. Therefore, workers should seek legal counsel if they suspect they have been misclassified.

Happy Juneteenth!

June 18th, 2024 by Sarah Ruhlen

Posted in Ask A Worker's Rights Attorney!, Employment and Labor Attorney, Workplace Rights |

Tags: , , , , ,

     

On June 19, 1865, enforcement of the Emancipation Proclamation reached Galveston, Texas. Union troops posted General Order 3 in various places around town, such as the Customs House and the AME Church. Most enslaved people were aware of the Emancipation Proclamation, but they were still in held in bondage until the Union had enough military presence in Texas to force slave owners to comply. Many first heard the words of General Order 3 from the mouths of their enslavers.

The order includes inspiring language:

“The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free. This involves an absolute equality of personal rights and rights of property between former masters and slaves, and the connection heretofore existing between them becomes that between employer and hired labor.”

But even General Order 3 didn’t deliver on the promise of freedom. In addition to the above quote, it included language ordering freed people to stay put and work for wages for their former enslavers. Nor was every enslaved person automatically emancipated on June 19. It took the passage of the 13th Amendment on December 6, 1865 to completely abolish slavery in the border states of Delaware and Kentucky.

Nevertheless, Juneteenth is a good time to reflect on our history, celebrate freedom, and recommit to “absolute equality of personal rights and rights of property.”

Wishing you a safe, cool, and free Juneteenth!

New York Warehouse Workers: Know Your Rights!

September 1st, 2023 by Sarah Ruhlen

Posted in Workplace Rights |

Tags: , , , , ,

 

A line-drawing of a forklift. Text: Warehouse Worker Protections? Yes, New York's got them. satterlaw.com/blog

On June 19, Governor Kathy Hochul announced that legislation protecting warehouse workers from unreasonably demanding work quotas is now in effect. New York’s Warehouse Worker Protection Act (WWPA) requires employers to disclose work speed quotas, and protects employees from quotas that don’t include time for rest periods, bathroom breaks, and meals. The WWPA applies to employees at warehouses with more than 100 employees, or employees who work for employers who employ 500 or more employees at multiple warehouses.

Employers are required to provide a written description of quotas when workers are hired, as well as within two business days of a change in quota. It is illegal for employers to retaliate against employees for requesting quota information or filing a complaint. Workers can report violations to the New York State Department of Labor. There are also civil remedies available; individuals should speak with a reputable workplace attorney to determine how to pursue their rights.

If you work in a warehouse and you have questions about the WWPA, it’s a good idea to speak with your union representative or a New York lawyer.

Understanding the New York State Employment Relations Act (SERA) and Your Right to Organize

August 16th, 2023 by Sarah Ruhlen

Posted in Workplace Rights |

Tags: , , , ,

 

This is a guest post by our summer Peggy Browning Fellow, Jorge Salles Díaz. Jorge joined us from Vanderbilt University Law School.

As workers, it’s important to understand our rights and protections when it comes to organizing and forming unions. While the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) provides federal protection for private sector employees, there are many exceptions. In New York, the New York State Employment Relations Act (SERA) fills in some of these gaps. Let’s take a closer look at what SERA means for workers’ rights in New York.

  1. Who is Covered by SERA:

Under the NLRA, employees are protected if their employer meets a certain monetary threshold. However, in New York, SERA extends protection to many employees whose employer does not meet the interstate commerce threshold set by the NLRA. This means that, even if a New York employer does not meet the monetary threshold, its employees may still have the right to organize and form a union under SERA.

  1. Protecting Agricultural Employees:

One notable difference between the NLRA and SERA is the protection of agricultural employees. While the NLRA excludes them from its coverage, SERA extends protection to agricultural employees in New York.

  1. Domestic Employees and Independent Contractors:

Unfortunately, neither the NLRA nor SERA provides specific protection for domestic employees. This means that individuals working in private households, such as nannies or housekeepers, may not have the same rights to organize and form unions. Likewise, neither the NLRA nor SERA protect independent contractors.[1]

  1. Differences in Labor Organization Rights:

The NLRA includes a section that outlines unfair labor practices by labor organizations, prohibiting activities such as establishing closed shops and engaging in secondary boycotts. However, SERA does not have a provision addressing unfair labor practices by labor organizations.

Conclusion:

Understanding the New York State Employment Relations Act (SERA) is crucial for workers in New York who are interested in organizing and forming unions. While the NLRA excludes many workers from federal protection, SERA fills in some of the gaps and extends coverage to employees who may not be protected under the federal law. New York workers may have the ability to organize and advocate for fair workplace treatment even if they are not covered by the NLRA. If you’re wondering whether SERA applies to your workplace, getting good advice from a reputable labor law attorney is essential.

[1] On a practical level, it’s essential to understand that employers sometimes misclassify employees as independent contractors to avoid providing benefits and protections. If you suspect that you may have been misclassified, it is advisable to consult with an employment lawyer in your jurisdiction.

$3000 Bonuses for New York Health Care Workers

October 13th, 2022 by Sarah Ruhlen

Posted in Workplace Rights |

Tags: , , , ,

This year the New York State legislature voted to provide up to $3000 bonuses to New York health care workers. Eligible [“qualifying”] workers are front line health care and mental hygiene practitioners, technicians, assistants and aides who make $125,000 or less annually. They must work for a qualified employer, e.g., a provider, facility, pharmacy, or school health center licensed under the New York State Public Health Law. The bonuses are W-2 wages for federal tax purposes, but they will not be taxed by the state.

If you are a qualifying health care worker, you can get a bonus if you work the requisite number of hours during designated six month periods between October 2021 and May 2024.  Bonus amounts range from $500 to a maximum of $3,000 depending on how many hours you worked. You can only get a bonus for two 6-month time periods per employer, and you max out at $3,000.

Qualifying employers are required to claim the bonuses on behalf of their workers.  The employer will require you to sign an attestation of eligibility. Once the employer has the money, they have 30 days to pay you. They are not allowed to use the bonus to offset your regular wages.

See the New York State Department of Health’s guidance for more detailed information on these bonuses.  If you are a qualifying employee and you have questions or concerns about how your boss is handling the bonuses, speak to your union immediately! And if you’re not unionized, contact the nearest reputable worker’s rights lawyer.

Salary History is History in New York

October 5th, 2022 by Sarah Ruhlen

Posted in Workplace Rights |

Tags: , , , ,

Google “salary history” and you’ll see that nobody loves the question: “What were you making in your previous position?” The good news is that a question about salary history is history in New York State. At the beginning of 2020, New York State Labor Law was amended to prohibit employers from asking the question.

Specifically, employers in New York State may not ask in any manner, during a job interview or otherwise, (viz., in writing, face-to-face, or through an agent) any information about previous compensation and benefits. If the job applicant or employee voluntarily offers the information, the employer is prohibited from relying on that information to determine whether to offer the job or what salary to offer. Current employees who are up for promotion are also protected from the salary history question, although a current employer is allowed to rely on information already in its possession.

Additionally, applicants are encouraged to contact the New York State Department of Labor’s Division of Labor Standards if they believe they have been retaliated against for refusing to provide salary history information in response to a request for it. (From a practical standpoint, if you want the job, it’s wise to have a tactful response ready for salary history inquiries. There are lots of articles online with ideas about how to navigate that situation.)

If you’re faced with a salary history conundrum, speak to an attorney in your jurisdiction to ensure you get the most up-to-date and relevant information.

There are a lot of things to be nervous about in a job application, but in the State of New York, the Salary History Question is not one of them.

Next Entries »

217 S. Salina St., 6th Fl.,
Syracuse, NY 13202

T: 315-471-0405
F: 315-471-7849

Attorney Advertising. Prior results do not guarantee a similar outcome. This site is published for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.  This site neither creates nor implies an attorney-client relationship.

Find us on Mastodon: @WorkplaceLawyer@union.place